Baron Friedrich von Steuben essays

Noble Friedrich von Steuben articles von steuben was conceived in magdeburg, germany in 1730. he went to jesult schools in bresaiu. he entered the prussian armed force's official corps, and served in the seven years war. he at that point joined fredrick the greats military staff. he next was named chamberlain to the prussian court of hohenzollern hechingen. in 1777, von went to parns to meet america's outside officials, benjamin franklin and silas deane offered them his, military services.who was impressedby von stuebons title, quickly sent him to gearge washingtons at valley fashion he crossed the atlantic sea from germany to bore george washingtons (warriors) troops. von faught the american civilian army. numerous eupopean military arrangements and other war stralegies. ina hardly any days washington saw an extraordinary contrast in the cordination, mindfulness and knowledged of his troopers showed up in plymouth n.h in 1778 to help these americans in a battle for autonomy w.c.a. despite the fact that he talked no enl ish, he methodicallly prepared the amature, american soldiers in military control and fight preparation. the thorough preparing spared the soldiers from complete destruction during the clash of mamouth. in 1779 von arranged his book guidelines of request and order for troops of the u.s which remained americas official military manual for more than 3 decades.it is as yet being utilized today in the military framework today. later in the war, von directed the war gracefully focus and faught at yorktown. afterword, washington utilized him in avarety of obligations, from the production of an arrangement to ground the wartime armed force to the acknowledgment of britian's surendered canadian posts. von additionally served to establish the general public of cincinnati, and afterward surrendered his american commision in 1784, after the war the new york council allowed von a bequest. he recieved a little annuity from the u.s government, yet depended on companions like alexander hamilton to settle his mounting dates. von passed on november 28, 794. he was burried in new york in steu... <!

Cultures of Pakistanis and Native Americans Essay

Societies of Pakistanis and Native Americans - Essay Example Actually, they are compelling towards each key recognizable of a specific culture. By the by, likenesses are regularly seen among societies arranged in various geological territories - particularly in considerations and customs. Obviously, contrasts do exist to make each culture unmistakable from each other. The two models embraced in this paper are the way of life of Pakistanis and Native Americans. Pakistan is a South Asian nation arranged adjoining India and China. Pakistani culture has been immensely affected by climate and geology, yet in addition by varieties of conventions and chronicled occasions (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan). Of course, Local American culture is the expression used to assign the way of life of the purported Indians of America - indigenous occupants of the two Americas. This paper features a portion of the key topics including customs, strict convictions, expressions, nourishments, family and amusement in every one of these societies. The rich culture of Pakistan can be seen in the Western zone of the subcontinent of South Asia. Thickly populated, this creating nation happens to be a significant horticultural focus of the world. The way of life displays confirmations of recorded and characteristic impacts. (Malik; 2001) The European intrusio... The people group being to a great extent Muslim, sheep and meat are broadly favored too, yet fish and chicken are additionally expended. Truth be told, meat is regularly a fundamental segment of ordinary suppers in a Pakistani family unit. Normal Pakistani food can be very slick and generous accentuation is laid on the wealth of taste. Diversion as an industry is yet to flourish in Pakistan, since performing expressions face get little commendation as vocations from the dominatingly Muslim people group. Be that as it may, various types of sports including squash, wrestling, shooting and garden tennis are very famous, the nation having national cricket and hockey groups too. Singing and moving are experienced, however not mainstream attributable to the Islamic restrictions. The effect of Hinduism and Hindu culture are unimportant in the Pakistani people group. (http://www.infopak.gov.pk/) Owing to late political turns of events, numerous prohibitive guidelines have been loose - music, theater and films turning out to be very mainstream henceforth. Be that as it may, preservationist Pakistanis despite everything abstain from seeking after them as profession alternatives. Painting is additionally firmly restricted by Islamic fundamentalists - painters being not many in number as a result. The noticeable complexity merits referencing for this situation, since Islamic idea is the sole impact for barely any fundamentalists. On the other hand, the historical backdrop of the past civic establishments in the locale has additionally brought about some valuation for amusement and expressive arts as businesses. Joint families supporting various ages have for quite some time been pervasive in Pakistan. Most families despite everything have granddads and grandsons living respectively. All things considered, the thought of the family as the most critical unit

Im studying poetry to be a better engineer, and this is why

I’m studying poetry to be a better engineer, and this is why ^Earthrise, 1968. This semester, I’ve read over 160 poems, spent 30 hours in class analyzing those poems, and written 5000 words on a few dozen verses. I’ve pored over meter and rhythm, imagery and enjambments, em-dashes and alliteration. Why? There is a good argument to be made that art for art’s sake is reason enough. As Robin Williams said in Dead Poets Society, “Poetry, beauty, romance, love, these are what we stay alive for…That you are here that life exists, and identity; that the powerful play goes on and you may contribute a verse.” I’m not going to make that argument. Instead, I’ll start with a thought that passed through my mind the other day: Poetry is important for the same reason that a bullet is destructive. Perhaps I should elaborate. A bullet is not destructive because of the force behind it. (If it were, by Newton’s Third Law the recoil would have an equally deadly effect on the shooter). A bullet is destructive because that force is concentrated in a very small area. It is the smallness of the bullet that gives it power. Likewise, poetry is such a dense, compact form of language. It packs pages and pages of meaning into just a few verses. In a world where we are surrounded by anonymous, thoughtless, prosaic prose â€" think endless listicles on Facebook â€" reading a piece where every syllable, every punctuation mark, every line, is carefully consideredits a breath of fresh air. And that ability to convey lots of meaning very succinctly is vital in any walk of life. As one of my NASA supervisors told me over the summer, “Nobody cares unless you tell a story.” Take the project I was working on: designing and building prototypes for an enormous space telescope. Why was this project important? In 1968, an Apollo 8 astronaut took a photo that changed the world. Earthrise was a photo that invigorated the environmental movement, changed the public’s view of space exploration, and encouraged support for future missions. The goal of my project was to design a telescope that could take a photo of this revolutionary class â€" but of a planet outside our solar system. Earthrise for the 21st century. That’s what people truly care about. Not the intricacies of in-space robotic assembly, truss geometry, or finite element analysis, but what a project really means. I enjoy the arts for their own sake as much as any other person, but I also appreciate their utility. It’s the reason Im studying poetry, and the reason I took an acting class last semester: to optimize my ability to deliver a message, whether it’s on the 2.009 stage or in a product video. If you want people to care, tell a story.

Domestic Human Sex Trafficking in the United States

Domestic Human Sex Trafficking in the United States Human sex trafficking and its sister category, Domestic Minor Sex Trafficking also referred to as DMST, (Kotrla,K. 2010) is the most common form of modern day slavery. In the United States there are an estimated 293,000 youth who fall under high risk factor or DMST (Walker-Rodriguez, A. Hill, R. 2011). Many men prey on the at risk youth to make a fortune for themselves. DMST exposes the youth to a life filled with violence, abuse that is both mental and physical as well as a isolation. The Victims of the Trafficking and Violence Protection Act of 2000 defines sex trafficking, â€Å"in which a commercial sex act is induced by force, fraud, or coercion or in which the person induced to†¦show more content†¦2010). Others were living in poverty and abducted or forced and manipulated with empty promises of a better life, with agreements in which are deceptive to the young girls (Hodge, D. 2008). Once the girls trust is gained, the girls are then used in order to gain profits and/or narcotics for pimps, they are forced into sexual acts for the exchange of money or drugs (Kotrla, K. 2010). 79% of victims of DMST have reported they were forced into trafficking (Crompton, Hardy, McPhatter. 2013). However a majority of the girls are abducted or forced while many are attracted in other ways. Fake agencies sometimes posing as massage agencies lure in women into the trafficking industry. These women are offered money, free transportation to these agencies to work, with an agreement that the costs will be paid back through the woman’s earnings for her work (Hodge, D. 2008). Other girls are lured in through brothels, escort services, hostess clubs, and strip clubs (Kotrla, K. 2010) where they are abused, manipulated, and have been forced to participate in sexual acts against their will. The reality of what was promised then becomes clear. A better life has turned into a life of abuse and isolation. According to the FBI â€Å"these women and young girls are sold to traffickers, locked up in rooms or brothels for weeks to months, drugged, terrorized, and raped repeatedly†Show MoreRelatedThe Globalization Of Human Trafficking990 Words   |  4 Pageswill define the globalization of human trafficking through the context of the United States as a first world nation and extension of this problematic issue in European nations, such as Russia and in the Baltic region. The first world status of the United States provides a context in which human trafficking has become a major problem when defining domestic markets for criminal organizations. However, the U.S. provides an example of the impact of human trafficking that occurs on a much wider scaleRead MoreHuman Trafficking1302 Words   |  6 Pagesbecome victims of trafficking, spread awareness, and to have more effi cient programs to help the trafficking victims recover. Section Two: Human trafficking is the fastest growing criminal industry in the world, currently second after illegal drug-trade. Human trafficking is a violation of human rights and considered to be a form of modern day slavery, the illegal trade of humans for forced labor or exploitation, fortunately it is recognized as a growing issue in the United States. Exploitation refersRead MoreHuman Trafficking in the Us1244 Words   |  5 PagesRough Draft: Human Trafficking and its Relationship throughout these United States A serious crime that virtually affects every country in the world is human trafficking. Human trafficking is a multi-national criminal business that’s roots are tied into â€Å"trans-criminal organizations, small criminal networks and local gangs, violations of labor and immigration codes, and government corruption† (Richard, 1999; U.S. Government Accountability Office, 2006.). Typically human trafficking has been definedRead MoreThe Problem Of Child Sex Trafficking1199 Words   |  5 PagesChild Sex Trafficking Have you ever walked into Wal-Mart and taken the time to look at the numerous pictures of missing youth that is plastered on the wall? When looking at how long they have been missing, it ranges anywhere from months to years. Looking at their age, both boys and girls, it is hard not to wonder if these kids are being trafficked. Child sex trafficking, also known as human trafficking, is a major issue that is not only plaguing the United States, but the world. ResidingRead MoreChild Sex Trafficking And Human Trafficking1096 Words   |  5 PagesChild Sex Trafficking Have you ever walked into Wal-Mart and taken the time to look at the numerous pictures of missing youth that is plastered on the wall? When looking at how long they have been missing, it ranges anywhere from months to years. Looking at their age, both boys and girls, it’s hard not to wonder if they have been kidnapped and are being trafficked. Child sex trafficking also known as human trafficking is a major issue that is not only plaguing the United States, but alsoRead MoreSex Trafficking of Children1277 Words   |  5 PagesThe trafficking of children and women for sexual purposes has become a key worry for nearly all governments throughout the world. Accounts in the United States regarding human trafficking for the purpose of sexually exploiting women and children have shown the matter is also a national problem and that it is on the rise. A projected 60,000 women and children are trafficked each year in the United States (Wheaton Schauer, 2006). These victims generally come from the regions of Latin America,Read MoreHuman Trafficking And The United States Essay751 Words   |  4 PagesFACT SHEET Human trafficking in the United States Human trafficking, also known as trafficking in persons or modern day slavery, is an affront to the most basic of human freedoms. Human trafficking is a crime that strikes at the very heart of the American promise: freedom. In response to this abhorrent crime, government agencies and nongovernmental organizations have formed strong and growing partnerships aimed at ending this violation of fundamental civil rights and human dignity. 1. WhatRead MoreThe Sex Trafficking Trade948 Words   |  4 PagesThe sex trafficking trade has been largely acquainted with countries in Europe and South America of the years. Nonetheless, this epidemic in reality has been in the United States for some time. The United States has become tolerable because of the amount of money the sex business industry brings in annually. The youths trapped in prostitution, brothel, massage services has been on the upsurge due to a lack of assistance. Lack of acknowledgment by the government and the media has been astounding.Read MoreSexual Slavery : The Purpose Of Sexual Exploitation998 Words   |  4 PagesSexual Slavery in America Sex Slavery defined- Sexual slavery is slavery for the purpose of sexual exploitation. Sexual slavery may involve single-owner sexual slavery; ritual slavery, sometimes associated with certain religious practices, such as ritual servitude in Ghana, Togo and Benin. †¢ Concubinage was a traditional form of sexual slavery in many cultures, in which women spent their lives in sexual servitude. In some cultures, concubines and their children had distinct rights and legitimateRead MoreHuman Trafficking Is A Crime Under Federal And International Law Essay1287 Words   |  6 Pagesthe awareness and the strength to fight our biggest human rights issues. Human trafficking is a crime under federal and international law and it is a crime in every single state in the United States. According to The White House, around the globe, an estimated 20 million men, women and children are victims of human trafficking- 1.5 million of these victims reside in North America, European Union, and other developed countries. The United States and other countries around the world are coming together

The Jewish Faith And Culture - 1922 Words

In the United States of America, there are many different ethnicities and religions, brought together to form a blended society. One of these groups, Jewish Americans, are unique, as they are both a religious group, but also a cultural group. Jewish people in America make up a mass majority, being one of the leading faiths in the country. Knowing and understanding how their religion effects their everyday life can help one to understand their customs and be respectful. One can learn about these things be examining and exploring the most relevant aspects of the Jewish faith and culture, and this can lead to one being able to positively use this knowledge in their careers, especially if one is a teacher. Historical Background Economic†¦show more content†¦Part of what creates that success is the idea of giving back† (Klein, 2016). Klein’s comment further supports why Jewish people tend to be very successful. Currently, according to JPOST.com Staff (2008), â€Å"Jews are the highest-earning religious group in the United States, with 46 percent of the working population earning a six-digit figure every year, according to a study released this week† (JPOST.com Staff, 2008). This shows that they, as a group, have a great economic standpoint in America. Political History: In the United States of America, politics play a huge role in many different cultural groups. However, for Jewish Americans, their involvement has been more so than other groups. According to Schafer, (2015), Jewish people play a large role in American politics (p. 317). For example, there are many Jewish elected officials throughout America. The political history of Jewish people in America is unique because Jewish American are known as belonging to the Democratic political party in America. Schafer, (2015), said â€Å"Jews as a group are not typical in that they are more likely than the general population to label themselves Democrat† (pg. 313). He goes on to state that this has been a trend for the last 10 presidential elections (Schafer, 2015). Jewish people were known for being very socially active in political issues in their home countries and they continued with this when theyShow MoreRelatedReflection Paper On The Culture1083 Words   |  5 Pagesunderstanding of the various cultures we may experience in practice. By having an understanding we can better understand and treat our clients that we see. In addition, it not only enhances our therapeutic relationships with our clients, but also enhances our knowledge on the various cultures that exist. For this paper I will interview a person that is from a different culture that I do not have knowledge on. With this interview my hope is to gain insight to the specific culture so I can be more awareRead MoreThe Jewish Culture : An Interesting Combination Of Birth Right And Religion955 Words   |  4 PagesThe Jewish culture is an interesting combination of birth right and religion (Namburg, 2007). One can either be born in to Judaism or can convert (Namburg, 2007). Due to the relationship between culture, ethnicity, and religion, there is diversity within Judaism (Namburg, 2007). There are over 6 million Jews currently living in the United States and its territories (Namburg, 2007). The three cornerstones to the Jewish faith are: G-d, the Torah, and Israel (Namburg, 2007). â€Å"G-d† represents the monotheisticRead MoreFaith Across Culture, Time And Technology1104 Words   |  5 PagesFaith Across Culture, Time and Technology Religion impacts every society and is impacted by many factors. Over time, religion has both gained and lost power over the choices of people. One person may act one way because of their religious upbringing and a different person another way. This is due to the fact that everyone has a different relationship with their faith. Differences in one’s faith are attributed to a variety circumstances, for example, culture, time period, and access to technologyRead MoreThe Dual Inheritance Within Christianity Of Greek And Jewish Thought1424 Words   |  6 PagesDescribe the dual inheritance within Christianity of Greek and Jewish thought. How were these traditions similar? How were they distinct? How did each contribute to the formation of Christian life and belief? Cite MacCulloch in your answer. Christianity has been heavily influenced by both Greek and Judaic traditions. As we said in class, â€Å"the first generations of Christians were Jews who lived in a world shaped by Greek elite culture† (Christianity The First Three Thousand Years MacCulloch 2). TheRead MoreMoses Maimonides : A Scholar Of The Middle Ages Who Decoded1497 Words   |  6 Pagesand created major Jewish texts, which much of Judaism has foundations on. Through his works, namely the Commentary of the Mishnah, the Guide for the Perplexed, and the Mishneh Torah, Maimonides aided the Jewish community through the clarifications of beliefs, the challenge of questioning one’s beliefs, maintaining relevances to the Jewish community and shaped interactions within and between Judaism and other cultures and religions. Both the people of his context, and modern Jewish society have beenRead MoreWhen Night Falls in Elie Wiesels Book, Night687 Words   |  3 PagesNight presents certain aspects of Jewish history, culture and practice through the story of Wiesel’s experience with his father in the concentration camps. Wiesel witnessed many horribly tragic things throughout his days in the concentration camps. It is these experiences that cause him to struggle with his faith. He grew up as a devote Jew who enjoyed studying and devoting himself to his religion. Throughout the book we see him struggle with his concept of faith and beliefs. For example the quoteRead MoreHow Jews Were Treated During Europe During The Second World War1187 Words   |  5 PagesNazi businessman and former spy, started a factory originally to make money but soon turned into a plot to save Jews from being murdered by the Nazi Party. Schindler saved and accommodated for around 1100 Jewish people, spending all his money to both keep Nazi officers quiet and look after the Jewish people. 2.Make a couple of short statements about each of the following terms and explain its relevance to how Jews were treated in Europe during the Second world War: †¢ Nazi- Nazi stands for the NationalRead MoreChristianity, Judaism, And Islam1683 Words   |  7 Pagesyet to come. They impacted the world in many ways, but there were certain things like all the different holidays and the different cultures that were practiced to make the world have a more diverse culture. There are many different holidays celebrated in each of these religions. Each religion celebrates different holidays and in many different ways. The way each faith celebrates represents their diversity from one another. Each religion stands out by the major holidays it celebrates and what eachRead MoreThe Jewish Temple I Happened To Visit Was Of The Conservative1441 Words   |  6 PagesThe Jewish Temple I happened to visit was of the Conservative denomination of the Jewish tradition. Conservative in this case does not reference political ties, rather a desire to conserve Jewish culture and tradition in the modern world. The Conservative movement in Germany in the 19th century, with its spiritual leader being Rabbi Zacharias Frankel, and began as a counterpoint to the rise of Reform Judaism in the United States during the 1880’s. Serving as a theological â€Å"middle ground† betweenRead MoreCultural Diversity Of The United States896 Words   |  4 PagesCulture ca n be defined as â€Å"language, ideas, beliefs, customs, taboos, codes, institutions, tools, techniques, works of art, rituals, ceremonies, and symbols† (Merriam-Webster, 2014). The United States is currently experiencing a dramatic change regarding cultural diversity. According to a recent census, 36.3 percent of the United States population belongs to an ethnic or racial minority (U.S. Census Bureau, 2010). Increased immigration from around the world is continually adding to the numbers of

Asceticism in Buddhism and Hinduism - 1815 Words

Asceticism in Buddhism and Hinduism Asceticism is derived from the Greek word â€Å"askesis†, meaning practice, bodily exercise, and athletic training (Cambell). Early Christians adopted this concept to foretell of the spiritual things in order to acquire habits of virtue. Virtue is the behavior showing high moral standards. There also is natural asceticism in meaning it is for self-improvement and aims directly to natural virtues such as temperance, patience, and chastity. The following will explain what asceticism is, why asceticism is practiced, and the nature of asceticism practices in Hindu and Buddhist traditions. Practicing Asceticism is an attempt in someone’s life to achieve various goals like working on the inner self as a â€Å"whole†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦show more content†¦Ascetic practices in the Hindu religion lead to the path of liberation. Achieving liberation is through practicing asceticism. It is believed that asceticism was the root of what started the Hindu tradition. This developed the spiritual teachers to run tests on themselves in order to achieve that philosophical doctrine and teaching of the Upanishads. Going back to the Vedic traditions, they practiced rituals which dealt with the life and everyday problems they had to conquer. Being ascetic meant not having many things in their lives, in which aided them in order to be satisfied. Between the Vedas and the Upanishads, they concentrated on more of inner meditation such as the control of mind and body by diminishing their senses in order to achieve liberation (Jayram). Practicing yoga was another major ritual that they abided by. Yoga helped with self-control, inner purity, and having proper conduct and renunciation. In these rituals, in order to achieve self-realization they had to go through an act of personal sacrifice and inner purification. Back in the time period of the Upanishads and the Aranyakas asceticism was flourishing in the Indian societies. The outcome of the empires rising, wars, and life beco ming more complex, something had to be done in order to seek comfort. Asceticism was the religious ritual that would aid people in coping with death and disease. This act of ritual was the simplest, and offered byShow MoreRelatedThe Concepts Of Hinduism And Buddhism1749 Words   |  7 Pages The Concepts of Hinduism and Buddhism (Name) (Course name) (Instructors name) (Date of submission) The Concepts of Hinduism and Buddhism Buddhism and Hinduism have common roots: both religions have arisen in India. However, over long history of its formation, Buddhism has absorbed traditions of many civilizations of the East. It was not just a religion. This teaching is about personal enlightenment and contemplation of spirit. This awakening of soul has no reference to God. AccordingRead MoreSimilarities Between Hinduism And Hinduism1390 Words   |  6 Pagesboth fall under the religions of Hinduism. Not only do the details of the pieces help explain the art, but so does the culture and the religion practiced at the time the piece was made. Hinduism is a major religion in India that is practiced by almost everyone. This is where they believe in one supreme being that has many different aspects. People who don’t understand Hinduism commonly mistake it with Buddhism due to the fact they share similar beliefs. Hinduism has the most affect on the cultureRead MoreHinduism, Buddhism, and Shinto1049 Words   |  5 PagesHinduism, Buddhism and Shinto, while vast in differences there is much to learn about these three religions similarities as well. Some facts and history of Hinduism include, Hinduism (being the oldest of the three) is dated back in pre-history before 10000 BC even believed to predate the Indus River Valley Civilization! The Vedas (the holy text of Hinduism) is the foundation for Indian culture and also the basic belief system of Hinduism. The basic belief structure of Hinduism is as follows, theRead MoreDifferences and Similarities of Ancient Religions of India1042 Words   |  5 PagesHinduism, Buddh ism and Jainism gained importance and popularity during a time of great religious exploration. While these religions have some similarities, they also have some distinct differences. The key to all three of these is enlightment. Let’s look at some other similarities between them. Buddhism and Jainism, originated and developed individually in the same geographical area of India with neither believing in the existence of God, but they do recognize a higher human form. All threeRead MoreSimilarities Between Confucianism And Confucianism893 Words   |  4 Pages For centuries, Eastern religions and philosophies of Hinduism, Buddhism, Confucianism Daoism have been practiced by millions. Three similarities distinguishable by all four practices is the focus and teachings of virtuous humanistic practices, compassion and respect for the world around us. Although, similar in intentions each system carries unique attributes. In 1027 BCE after the rebel tribe, Zhou overthrew the Shang dynasty a time of cultural sophistication, and philosophical achievementRead MoreHinduism and Buddhism: History and Modern Appeal1696 Words   |  7 Pagesestablished religions, Hinduism and Buddhism have their similarities, as well as differences. Both religions are practiced in Southeast Asia, starting in India and have influenced each other. Hinduism dates back to 5,000 years ago, while Buddhism was created three centuries ago. I will explore what the two religions share and what separates the two from one another covering the origins, number of followers, the texts used, and the belief system followed. Origin of Hinduism Hinduism is one of the oldestRead MoreEssay on Hinduism and Buddhism872 Words   |  4 Pages Hinduism and Buddhism The idea of â€Å"religare† or binding oneself back to one’s religion is key to many religions. In Christianity, we bind our selves back to the truth unveiled through scripture, myths, tradition, and the church’s teachings. Hinduism, however has a much different interpretation of the idea of binding oneself back. There really is not a whom or what that I can put my finger on. We all came from one God and we must get back to God. But how can one go about doing that? A Hindu wouldRead MoreEssay on Apwh Ch.9 Study Guide732 Words   |  3 Pagesrealm by inscribing edicts in natural stone formations or pillars he ordered to be erected, established his capital at the fortified city of Pataliputra, created a central treasury to oversee the efficient collection of taxes, and he converted to Buddhism. How did the Gupta administrative practices differ from the Maurya? Ashoka had insisted on knowing the details of regional affairs, which he closely monitored from his court at Pataliputra. The Guptas left local government and administrationRead MoreConfucianism, Hinduism, Buddhism, And Platonism1045 Words   |  5 PagesEssay One Brian Munoz Philosophy 10/23/15 What Are We - What are we? In this essay, I’ll be comparing and contrasting the four views of human nature that we have studied so far – Confucianism, Hinduism, Buddhism, and Platonism – critically examining their similarities and differences. Also, I’ll be explaining which one I think provides the most plausible understanding of what we are. First, I will introduce each of the four views of human nature by defining them. Then, I will elaborate and thoroughlyRead MoreHappiness State of Mind1180 Words   |  5 Pagesinterested in, and have been on a continuous quest for immortality. Daoism, like other ancient Asian traditions, such as Hinduism and Buddhism, offer a way out of cyclical human existence in a practice known as asceticism. However, the motivations and the methodology behind asceticism vary greatly in each of these Asian traditions in the East. The main focus of this paper is on asceticism as it is practiced in China, taking into account modern Chinese cult ure beliefs and expectations of its society. It

Resource Management and SLA Management

Questions: 1. Discuss the requirements for remote administration, resource management and SLA management. It may be useful to consider Morad and Dalbhanjans operational checklists for DSIs OSDS. This section should be no more than two to three pages in length. 2. Discuss briefly how you will consider application resilience, backup and disaster recovery for your chosen provider in relation to OSDS. This section should be no more than two to three pages in length. 3. Use Erls SLA guidelines to assess the SLA for your chosen provider. This section should be no more than two to three pages in length. 4.Provide a covering one to two page executive summary of these two assessments to DSI Executive Management and summarise the major opportunities and risks that have been identified in your assessments. Answers: Executive Summary Online Spatial Delivery System (OSDS) is a suite of web services and applications for the Department of Spatial Information (DSI). DSI has decided to shift OSDS to a cloud provider and the chosen model is Platform as a Service (PaaS). The major risks that come up in the migration of services to the cloud are to the data protection and information security. Access controls and use of proper authentication and authorization methods can act as important and impactful countermeasures. The report discusses the six components that are necessary in the migration process that is involved with OSDS. Remote administration has a few shortcomings associated with it in terms of multi-platform support and scalability. Resource management can be done with ease through managing the resources at all levels such as top, middle and low. SLA management for OSDS is recommended to be done at the service level. Application resilience focuses on the High Availability requirements that are associated with DS I and OSDS. Data back up and disaster recovery are of prime importance to yield protection to the data and recover the same in case of an attack or loss of the same. Data protection and information security risks are the two prime risks that are associated with OSDS and may result in adverse impacts if the measures to prevent and handle these two are not undertaken with utmost perfection. Introduction Online Spatial Delivery System (OSDS) has to be migrated to a cloud provider. The most applicable model to execute the same is Platform as a Service (PaaS). PaaS provides the platform and environment to build the applications upon the same. Each and every entity plays a crucial role and a phased approach needs to be followed for achieving the best results out of them. Remote Administration Remote Administration is the act of handling and processing the system from any of the remote locations (cbigconsulting.com, 2016). The use of Remote Administration is however, discouraged owing to the shortcomings that it comes with. There are multiple tools that do not scale properly. It becomes tedious for the administrators to simultaneously work upon the network with varied speeds and that too in a secure manner. Multi-platform support is another issue that is seen with the implementation of Remote Administration in the architecture. Organizations make use of different operating systems such as Linux, Windows, iOS and many other and all of them need to be supported in an efficient manner. Mobile devices are also being used by most of the organizations and the OS of those devices need support too. Use of varied tools and devices with different platforms and operating systems is difficult to manage by the remote administrator. Regulatory requirements such as encryption, authentication and access controls also appear as an issue in the implementation of remote administration (sans.org, 2016). Resource Management Resource Management is the second components for OSDS that is required for successful implementation and migration of the services and applications on the cloud. There are multiple resources across various departments that are associated with OSDS. The key resources are as listed below. Business owners Database admin and team Operations head and team Development team Design team Network team Network admin Support and maintenance team DSI needs to develop strategies to efficiently mannage resources and other departments. The basic step in achieveing the same is to find answers to the following list of questions. Is there an already implemented resource tagging strategy in place? What is the internal resource management team that is associated with DSI and how does it link to the overall company model? What is the process that is used in the allocation of resources to a particular project or department? Are there required metadat and service instances available or need to be included? SLA Management SLA is a term for Service Level Agreement and it is a written legal contract that is agreed upon and signed between the service user and the service provider. A service along with all of its aspects is formally defined in this contract. There are a certain particular aspects such as scope, quality and responsibilities that are present in SLA in complete detail. One of the most important feature that is present in SLA is an agreed-upon delivery time. For OSDS, it will also include the time it would be required to completed migrate the services and applications on the cloud provider and also the details on every phase. This would be in terms of percentage that is how much percent of the entire service will be completely migrated in a specified time period. Other details that are defined in SLA are Mean time to failure (MTTF), Mean time between failures (MTBF) and Mean time to repair or recovery (MTTR). It would help in the identification os the parties that would be responsible for han dling the failures and dealing with the costs associated with the same. Levels in SLA Management Shared resources is a phenonmenon that is common in case of cloud computing. The most applicable SLA level in case of OSDS would be at the service level (Bose et al., 2011). The following factors play a major role in designing of SLA for OSDS: The services that have been agreed upon between DSI and the cloud provider Supply chain management team Accurate assignment of roles and responsibilities to the resources Complete analysis of the cost and description for each of the component Broad level flow chart highlighting the critical features Performance indicators (mitsm.de, 2016) Service Levels Agreements are output based in nature which means that the results that will be recived by the customers would be the subject and source of the agreement. The (expert) service provider can demonstrate their value by organizing themselves with ingenuity, capability, and knowledge to deliver the service required, perhaps in an innovative way. OSDS can also explain the details and specifications of these services agreed with the provider in a specification document. The major services and details that will be covered in the SLA for OSDS would be as listed below: Primary resposible source for all the services along with the secondary points of contact. What all services will be covered? What would be the time constraints that would apply on these services? Will there be any extrenal entities that would be required in the service Completion? What will be the design that would be followed and will it apply to all the services or on a particular section of services? For every service, the contribution ot be made by DSI and the one to be done by the cloud provider would also be contracted to avoid the disimilarties and differences in opinions later on. Application Resilience Every application has a set of critical and high on priority requirements. OSDS also has a set of the same which are termed as High Availability (HA) requirements. There needs to be a step-by-step approach to be developed for the complete execution of such requirements. The strategy would include the following: A fault tolerant application in cloud that would help in maintenance of availability and reliability of the services Adherence to the guidelines Applicable and required data storage options Architecture of cloud Data Storage Backup Storing and managing the huge data is a task in itself and there are Big Data tools that can be utilized for this purpose (Goes, J. 2016). There is database named NoSQL for performing this task and it also provides additional features such as easy visualizations, flexibility and creation of reports. Predictive analysis on the data to correctly manage and store the same is also possible through NoSQL (Pentaho, 2016). Mongo DB, Elasticsearcg, CouchDB, AmazonSimpleDB and Terrastore are some of the NoSQL databases that provide good storge and indexing features (Big Data Made Simple - One source. Many perspectives., 2014). Disaster Recovery Disaster Recovery (DR) comes in to the picture when the attack or any such event takes place and the data needs to be recovered. These are the measures that should be adopted to avoid the risks at the first place and recover from the same. Preventative Measures for firsthand security like use of antivirus, firewalls and deployment of physical security guards fall under this one. Reactive They are the ones that are adapted once the event already takes place. Detective Measures such as intrusion detection and motion detection fall in this category of countermeasures Administrative These are used to make the processes adhere to the defined guideleines. DR, as already stated is the set of processes that is used to recover as much data as possible and is required for maintenance and management of the same. DR would allow the recovery process to be enabled in multiple locations (Kiblin, 2011). Many strategies are present to have an application recovered (aws.amazon.com, 2016). Cloud for disaster recovery is a viable option for DSI both from the financial perspective and from the control perspective as well (Dix, 2016). Conclusions Opportunities and Risks OSDS needs the components as Remote adminstration, SLA management, data storage and back up along with the disaster recovery during its migration to a cloud provider. Remote administration suffers from a few drawbacks related to scalability and multi-platform support. Resource management is necessary for accurate utilization of resources and their skills. Critical requirements, data storage and recovery also play an important role for OSDS. Cloud suffers from certain potential and probable risks as well that mainly revolve around data protection and information security. These risks include loss of data, accessing of the data by an unauthorized user, denial of services, attack of malicious software, spoofing, phishing and inadequate due diligence. Such risks possess a threat to the confidentiality, integrity and authneticty of the information, Use of authorizations measures along with proper access controls are mandatory to protect the data belonging to OSDS. The data associated is private and confidential in nature and the landing of the same in unauthorized hands could be extremely adverse for DSI. ("Risks of cloud computing | Queensland Government", 2016). References Bose, S., Pasala, A., Ramanujam A, D., Murthy, S. and Malaiyandisamy, G. (2011). Big Data Made Simple - One source. Many perspectives. (2014). Dix, J. (2016). Cloud computing causing rethinking of disaster recovery. Goes, J. (2016). How to choose a NoSQL analytics system. Innotas. (2016). Project Resource Management Benefits | Innotas. Executive Summary

Benjamin Harrison Biography - 23rd President of the U.S. Biography

Benjamin Harrison Biography - 23rd President of the U.S. Biography Benjamin Harrison was born on August 20, 1833 in North Bend, Ohio. He grew up on a 600-acre farm given to his father by his grandfather, William Henry Harrison who would become the ninth president. Harrison had tutors at home and then attended a small local school. He attended Farmers College and then Miami University in Oxford, Ohio. He graduated in 1852, studied law, and then was admitted to the bar in 1854. Family Ties Harrisons father,  John Scott Harrison, was a member of the U.S. House of Representatives. He was the son of one president and the father of another. Harrisons mother was  Elizabeth Irwin Harrison. She died when her son was almost 17. He also had two  half sisters, three full brothers, and two full sisters. Harrison was married twice. He married his first wife Caroline Lavinia Scott  on  October 20, 1853. Together they had one son and one daughter along with a stillborn daughter. Sadly, she passed away in  1892. He then married Mary Scott Lord Dimmick on  April 6, 1896  when he was 62 and she was 37. Together they had one daughter named Elizabeth.   Benjamin Harrisons Career Before the Presidency Benjamin Harrison entered into law practice and became active in the Republican party. He joined the military in 1862 to fight in the Civil War. During his service he marched on Atlanta with General Sherman and was promoted to Brigadier General. He left military service at the end of the war and resumed his law practice. In 1881, Harrison was elected to the U.S. Senate and served until 1887. Becoming the President In 1888, Benjamin Harrison received the Republican nomination for president. His running mate was Levi Morton. His opponent was incumbent President Grover Cleveland. It was a close campaign in which Cleveland won the popular vote but failed to carry his home state of New York and lost in the Electoral College. Events and Accomplishments of Benjamin Harrisons Presidency Benjamin Harrison  had the distinction of serving in between the two presidential terms of Grover Cleveland. In 1890, he signed into law the Dependent and Disability Pensions Act which provided money for veterans and their dependents if they were disabled from nonmilitary causes. An important bill passed during 1890 was the  Sherman Anti-Trust Act. This was the first antitrust law to try and stop the abuse of monopolies and trusts. While the law itself was vague, it was important as a first step towards making sure that trade was not limited by the existence of monopolies. The Sherman Silver Purchase Act was passed in 1890. This required the federal government to purchase silver for silver certificates. These could then be turned back in for silver or gold. This would be repealed by Grover Cleveland because it was causing the nations gold reserves to be depleted as people turned in their silver certificates for gold. In 1890, Benjamin Harrison sponsored a tariff that required those wishing to import products to pay a 48% tax. This resulted in a rise of consumer prices. This was not a popular tariff. Post-Presidential Period Benjamin Harrison retired to Indianapolis after his term as president. He returned to practicing law and inn 1896, he remarried Mary Scott Lord Dimmick. She had been the assistant to his wife while she was the First Lady. Benjamin Harrison died on March 13, 1901 of pneumonia. Historical Significance of Benjamin Harrison Benjamin Harrison was president when the reforms were beginning to become popular. During his time in office, the Sherman Anti-Trust Act was passed. Even though it was of itself not that enforceable, it was an important first step towards reigning in monopolies who were taking advantage of the public.

HIV Multiple Bereavement Syndrome essays

HIV Multiple Bereavement Syndrome essays HIV/AIDS and Multiple Bereavement: Is the psychological impact of multiple loss intensified by social factors? The advent of AIDS has created a new population of people who suffer multiple bereavements as well as threats to their own lives. (Murray-Parkes, 1998, p. xii) The populations most affected by HIV/AIDS live in two geographical locations: the USA and Africa (WHO, 1998) . In 1997 four million people in the Sub-Saharan Africa were newly reported as having seropositive status (WHO, 1998). In North America this figure was 44 thousand (WHO, 1998). Seropositive rates among Gay men in New York City are reported at 36 to 67% (Dean L, 1995). Infection rates amongst young, urban males in Uganda range from 20 to 30% (Seeley With these high figures and similar infection rates among males in mind, this essay will discuss the relationship between social factors and the psychological impact of multiple loss in an international context. The evidence I have considered principally comes from Uganda and the USA which will allow me to evaluate the commonality of experience and the usefulness of theories on multiple loss in differing cultural and economic situations. The impact of the HIV virus is such that it creates ...a cycle of never ending perpetual grieving for individuals affected by HIV/AIDS and the professionals who care for them.' (Cho Cho Discussing this issue Ankrah (1991) and Seeley & Kajura (1995) suggest that young people may have become habituated to mul...

Travelogue Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Travelogue - Assignment Example ty of Tokyo was established and remained the capital until 1943, when it was established as a municipality and merged with the metropolitan prefecture of Tokyo. The duration of my trip would constitute one week. To get to Tokyo, it will cost approximately $1000-$1500, depending on the season. Due to Travelocity.com website, it can be found out that there are several flights a day that will begin my course to get there. Since I am on budget, the Japan National Tourism Organization website recommends staying in a small inn or hotel, because Ryokan, a residential building where meals are provided, can be quite expensive. I chose the Hilton in Tokyo because it is located close to the airport and while it was not the cheapest alternative, it was one of the lowest price hotels. There are many avenues of public transportation that are relatively inexpensive, so I will be able to easily get around the city. Places I would like visit during my stay in Tokyo are Disneyland Tokyo, the National museum of Emerging Science and Innovation and Sanrio Puroland. I would also like to walk downtown, as it is famous for having lots of different shops. I do not think I have a plan for eating; I would like to walk the city and taste some of the local cuisine. I would also ask hotel personnel what they recommend. I think one of the best ways to find where the great food hotspots are is to ask the local population. By the end of my trip, I would hope to have learned a great deal about the culture and the customs of the city. I am sure that by the end of the trip, I will have learned some of the cultural rules and etiquettes that make the city unique as well. In order to undertake my trip, I am going to save a lot of money so that I am able to find and to afford the hotel I would like to stay at. I would also need quite a bit of money to be able to go to all of the places that I would like to see; according to the official Japanese Travel website, food and accommodations can be quite

Consumer Behaviour Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Consumer Behaviour - Assignment Example Sachdev & Verma (2002) established that consumers are not only influenced by the appearance of a new product. Rather, their decision is highly dependent product promotion. Lush Cosmetics has developed men’s lotion as a start of diversification of its product line. Aqua Mist is a light weight body lotion that has a smooth texture, which the company associates with the desired fragrance among consumers. This aspect is viewed by the management as the justification for the new brand in the market. The company plans to produce different categories with regards to prices and size. Nessim and Wozniak (2009) suggest that consumers differ in demand preference. It is with this respect that the company decided to develop men’s lotion to cater for male consumers equally as past products have always catered for feminine needs. The reason as to why the company made the decision is to utilize the existing opportunity since no other company produces such variety for men’s lotion . Consumer preferences differ and hence for the company needs to satisfy a wide range of needs the lotion has to be produced in varying sizes, colors, scents and quantities. This strategy will enable the company to effectively accomplish market segmentation, targeting and position its products, thereby maintaining competitiveness. This approach to marketing has been applied to enhance performance and sustainability (Sachdev & Verma, 2002). Consumer Behavior Blackwell et al (2005) establish three phases of consumer decision making process which includes need recognition, information search and alternative evaluation and selection. Need recognition involves the realization that a need exists based on desire to acquire an item or service or may be prompted by a stimulus in the environment such as advertisements which create awareness. The marketers play a great role in influencing buying behaviour depending on their convincing degree. A buyer may not be aware of a product but through m arketing, he is made aware that such thing exists and, hence, he/she develops a desire to purchase or he may not be interested in the product based on age, attitude, emotions, and perceptions of the product, culture where taboos prohibit use of certain products (Hoyer & Macinnis, 2009). For a company to successfully introduce a new product in the market, it has to evaluate fully how the product will be adopted by the consumers. Consumers always demand value for their money when they making any purchase. Companies always seek to understand consumer behavior with respect to product development (Blackwell et al, 2005). Customer preferences change with time and, therefore, continuous assessment of the market is needed. The aim of research is to make sure customers derive satisfaction after consuming the goods, hence, buy more. Buyers’ behaviour is determined by various factors such as attitudes, personality, motivation, gender and the environment in general among others (Folkes, 2006). On the other hand, Blackwell et al (2005) argue that buyer’s behaviour is prompted by need or problem recognition. They make purchases but not all goods are up to expected standards hence customers are bound to make complaints. According to Hayes (2008), the successful development of a new product is highly dependent on the consumer. Consumers tend to be subjective with the kind of products or services they

Assemblers And Disassembler Softwares Computer Science Essay

Assemblers And Disassembler Softwares Computer Science Essay A disassembler is a computer program that translates machine language into assembly language the inverse operation to that of an assembler . A disassembler differs from a decompiler which targets a high-level language rather than an assembly language. The output of a disassembler is often formatted for human-readability rather than suitability for input to an assembler, making it principally a reverse-engineering tool. Assembly language source code generally permits the use of constants and programmer comments . These are usually removed from the assembled machine code by the assembler . A disassembler operating on the machine code would produce disassembly lacking these constants and comments. The disassembled output becomes more difficult for a human to interpret than the original annotated source code. Some disassemblers make use of the symbolic debugging information present in object files such as ELF. The Interactive Disassemblerallow the human user to make up mnemonic symbols for values or regions of code in an interactive session: human insight applied to the disassembly process often parallels human creativity in the code writing process. Disassembly is not an exact science: On CISC platforms with variable-width instructions, or in the presence of self-modifying code, it is possible for a single program to have two or more reasonable disassemblies. Determining which instructions would actually be encountered during a run of the program reduces to the proven-unsolvable halting problem. Examples of disassemblers Any interactive debugger will include some way of viewing the disassembly of the program being debugged. Often, the same disassembly tool will be packaged as a standalone disassembler distributed along with the debugger. For example, objdump, part of GNU Binutils, is related to the interactive debugger gdb . The some ofexample of dissembler are IDA ILDASM is a tool contained in the .NET Framework SDK. It can be used to disassemble PE files containing Common Intermediate Language code. OllyDbg is a 32-bit assembler level analysing debugger PVDasm is a Free, Interactive, Multi-CPU disassembler. SIMON a test/ debugger/ animator with integrated dis-assembler for Assembler, COBOL and PL/1 Texe is a Free, 32bit disassembler and windows PE file analyzer. unPIC is a disassembler for PIC microcontrollers Interactive Disassembler Interactive Disassembler The Interactive Disassembler, more commonly known as simply IDA, is a disassembler used for reverse engineering. It supports a variety of executable formats for different processors and operating systems. It also can be used as a debugger for Windows PE, Mac OS XMach-O, and LinuxELF executables. A decompiler plugin for programs compiled with a C/C++compiler is available at extra cost. The latest full version of Ida Pro is commercial.IDA performs much automatic code analysis, using cross-references between code sections knowledge of parameters of API calls, and other information. However the nature of disassembly precludes total accuracy, and a great deal of human intervention is necessarily required. IDA has interactive functionality to aid in improving the disassembly. A typical IDA user will begin with an automatically generated disassembly listing and then convert sections from code to data and viceversa. Scripting IDC scripts make it possible to extend the operation of the disassembler. Some helpful scripts are provided, which can serve as the basis for user written scripts. Most frequently scripts are used for extra modification of the generated code. For example, external symbol tables can be loaded thereby using the function names of the original source code. There are websites devoted to IDA scripts and offer assistance for frequently arising problems. Users have created plugins that allow other common scripting languages to be used instead of, or in addition to, IDC. IdaRUB supports Ruby and IDAPython adds support for Python Supported systems/processors/compilers Operating systems x86WindowsGUI x86 Windows console x86 Linux console x86 Mac OS X ARM Windows CE Executable file formats PE (Windows) ELF (Linux, most *BSD) Mach-O (Mac OS X) Netware .exe OS/2 .exe Geos .exe Dos/Watcom LE executable (without embedded dos extender) raw binary, such as a ROM image Processors Intel 8086 family ARM, including thumb code Motorola 68xxx/h8 ZilogZ80 MOS Technology 6502 Intel i860 DEC Alpha Analog Devices ADSP218x Angstrem KR1878 Atmel AVR series DEC series PDP11 Fujitsu F2MC16L/F2MC16LX Fujitsu FR 32-bit Family Hitachi SH3/SH3B/SH4/SH4B Hitachi H8: h8300/h8300a/h8s300/h8500 Intel 196 series: 80196/80196NP Intel 51 series: 8051/80251b/80251s/80930b/80930s Intel i960 series Intel Itanium (ia64) series Java virtual machine MIPS: mipsb/mipsl/mipsr/mipsrl/r5900b/r5900l Microchip PIC: PIC12Cxx/PIC16Cxx/PIC18Cxx MSIL Mitsubishi 7700 Family: m7700/m7750 Mitsubishi m32/m32rx Mitsubishi m740 Mitsubishi m7900 Motorola DSP 5600x Family: dsp561xx/dsp5663xx/dsp566xx/dsp56k Motorola ColdFire Motorola HCS12 NEC 78K0/78K0S PA-RISC PowerPC SGS-Thomson ST20/ST20c4/ST7 SPARC Family Samsung SAM8 Siemens C166 series TMS320Cxxx series Compiler/libraries (for automatic library function recognition)[3] Borland C++ 5.x for DOS/Windows Borland C++ 3.1 Borland C Builder v4 for DOS/Windows GNU C++ for Cygwin Microsoft C Microsoft QuickC Microsoft Visual C++ Watcom C++ (16/32 bit) for DOS/OS2 ARM C v1.2 GNU C++ for Unix/common SIMON (Batch Interactive test/debug) SIMON (Batch interactive test/debug) was a proprietary test/debugging toolkit for interactively testing Batch programs designed to run on IBMs System 360/370/390 architecture. It operated in two modes, one of which was full instruction set simulator mode and provided Instruction step, conditional Program Breakpoint (Pause) and storage alteration features for Assembler, COBOL and PL/1 programs. High level language (HLL) users were also able to see and modify variables directly at a breakpoint by their symbolic names and set conditional breakpoints by data content. Many of the features were also available in partial monitor mode which relied on deliberately interrupting the program at pre-defined points or when a program check occurred.In this mode, processing was not significantly different from normal processing speed without monitoring. It additionally provided features to prevent application program errors such as Program Check, Wild branch , and Program loop. It was possible to correct many errors and interactively alter the control flow of the executing application program. This permitted more errors to be detected for each compilation which, at the time, were often scheduled batch jobs with printed output, often requiring several hours turnaround before the next test run. Operating Systems Simon could be executed on IBMMVS, MVS/XA, ESA or DOS/VSE operating systems and required IBM 3270 terminals for interaction with the application program. LIDA lida is basically a disassembler and code analysis tool. It uses the bastards libdisasm for single opcode It allows interactive control over the generated deadlisting via commands and builtin tools. features It trace execution flow of binary It work with symbolic names: interactive naming of functions, labels, commenting of code. It scan for known anti-debugging, anti-disassembling techniques It scan for user defined code sequences It integrated patcher It also integrated cryptoanalyzer Many disassemblers out there use the output of objdump à ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬ lida that tries a more serious approach. The several limitations of objdump are broken by using libdisasm and by tracing the execution flow of the program. Further by having the control over the disassembly more features can be included. Everybody who has already worked on some deadlisting will immediate feel a need to work interactive with the code and be able to change it. Therefore lida will have an integrated patcher resolves symbolic names, provides the ability to comment the code, serves efficient browsing methods. The more exotic features of lida should be on the analysis side. The code can be scanned for custom sequences known antidebugging techniques known encryption algorithms also you will be able to directly work with the programs data and for example pass it to several customizable en-/decryption routines. This of course only makes limited sense as it is not a debugger. Tough often I really missed this functionality. Limitations of objdump based disassemblers Usual programs one would like to disassemble are either coded directly in assembly, or use some tricks to avoid beeing disassembled. I will here give a short overview of the most objdump features objdump relies on section headers It is an ELF executable that contains correct section headers. Tough for the OS-loader to run an ELF binary, section headers are not necessary at all. The important thing to get a process loaded into memory are the program headers . So the first common anti disassembling trick is to either drop or manipulate the ELF section headers By doing so, objdump refuses to perform the disassembly: [emailprotected]> file tiny-crackme tiny-crackme: ELF 32-bit LSB executable, Intel 80386, version 1, statically linked, corrupted section header size [emailprotected]> objdump -D tiny-crackme objdump: tiny-crackme: File format not recognized The binary I took as example to verify is yanistos tiny-crackme objdump does not trace the execution flow I By not tracing the execution flow objdump can easily be fooled to just disassemble a few lines and stop there. This means it does not recognize any functions, does not see the code which is stored in data sections. objdump does not trace the execution flow Additionally another common trick is to insert garbage opcodes and overjump them to disalign the disassembly from the execution flow. Example: When an instruction jumps into the middle of the next instruction, objdump does not disassemble from this exact location. It will continue with the next instruction and consequently dissasemble garbage from here on. As a result you will mainly see totally usesless instructions in the whole disassembly. . Implementation Details lida uses libdasm of the bastard for single opcode decoding. It does not use the whole environment including the typhoon database. The main program is coded in perl/TK which uses a C backend for the most timeconsuming parts (disassembly, analysis, scanning for strings). Generally lida is designed to be as fast as possible (the disassembly) by trying not to waste all your RAM 🙂 lida is designed to be also efficient in usability. Therefore all important functions are accessible via single keystrokes, or short commands. This means no clicking around is necessary, you can enter your tasks directly into the commandline. The disassembling engine The disassembling is done in currently 4 (or 6) passes, default is all 6: 1st pass is the main control flow disassembly Here the disassembly is started from the executables entrypoint, and recursively disassembles the binary by following each branch, and stepping into each sub- routine. This leads in also disassembling code blocks in data sections, if existent :), so the disassembly is not limited to a .text section. Also, if indirect jumps/calls are used, the final destination is looked up in the binaries data of course 2nd pass for glibc binaries: A heuristic scan scans for the main() function and starts pass1 there (so also re- cursive disassembling) 3rd pass all other code sections This pass repeats pass1 for all found executable sections, and starts at section start. If the binary does not contain section headers, the disassembly starts at the first loaded executable address. 4th pass functions This pass scans for typical function prologues and starts pass1 at each found address. This is for discovering code regions which are not explicitly called, and where their entrypoints are evaluated at runtime. 5th pass disassembling caves All passes build up a map of the binary. If until now there are code regions which were not yet disassembled, they can be now. 6th pass remainders If pass 5 was executed, and there are still caves, they are displayed as DB xx, Definitely for pass 4 and 5 there are enhancements to come, as well as for the recursive disassembly function itself. Also to mention whenever a jump into the middle of a previous instruction is beeing found, currently those addresses are beeing marked. To follow is a representation of instructions within instructions (compare 3.1), as of course by intelligent placing of opcodes both instructions can be valid and used during the execution flow. Signature Scanning Basically it is done by a signature scanning. I quote it because it is not a simple pattern matching. For understanding that, one needs a little understanding of typical hash-encryption algorythms. Lets take for example a MD5 hash. How can we find the code that does an MD5 hash? On a very high level generating a hash is usually done in 3 steps: the init function, the update function and the finalize function. The init function usually sets up an array of some numeric values, which are then modified in a loop using the input data (plain data) during the algorythm, until the hash is calculated. The finalize function creates the representation in a common format (easily spoken; it pads the digest and is appending the size). Hoewever, it does not matter to know actually how the algorythm works to find it 🙂 Due to the common fact, that the initialization functions use fixed numeric initialization values, which are the same in every implementation, as they are part of the algorythm these are the values we are searching for. For MD5 those are: 0x67452301 0xefcdab89 0x98badcfe 0x10325476 So to find an MD5 implementation, it is necessary to scan for those dword values, of course they can appear in any order (strange enough nearly always they are used in the listed order above). Now as those dwords can exist also in just any binary by accident (oltough seldom) some smarter scanning is done: the values need to appear in a limited size of a code block. The values can be in any order, and also some fuzzyness has been added to scan for a little bit altered init values. Heuristic Scanning Heuristic scanning is not yet implemented. It is intended to find custom crypto code. Basically it is beeing looked for a sequence of suspicious opcode sequences, which look like an encryption routine. OllyDbg is an x86debugger that emphasizes binary code analysis, which is useful when source code is not available. It traces registers, recognizes procedures, API calls, switches, tables, constants and strings, as well as locates routines from object files and libraries. According to the programs help file, version 1.10 is the final 1.x release. Version 2.0 is in development and is being written from the ground up. The software is free of cost, but the shareware license requires users to register with the author. The current version of OllyDbg cannot disassemble binaries compiled for 64-bit processors.

Comparing the Messages of Animal Dreams and The Bean Trees Essay

Political and Social Messages of Animal Dreams and The Bean Trees       Perhaps The Poisonwood Bible is Barbara Kingsolver's best work. It was while reading this book (which centers around The Congo and what the western world has done to this country) that I began to make the connection that all of Kingsolver's books contain a political and social message. She uses her stance as an author to illuminate her readers to situations and issues that she feels are important. Kingsolver's voice can be heard in Animal Dreams when the main character, Codi talks about what happened to her sister, Hallie in Nicaragua, and how unaware Americans were to what was happening in that country. "It made the news in Tucson, at least for a day. You just forgot. That's the great American disease, we forget. We watch the disasters parade by on TV, and every time we say: 'Forget it. This is someone else's problem" (Animal Dreams 316).    The Bean Trees touches on the plight of refugees, both in the real life struggle of a Guatemalan couple living illegally in the US, as well as her main character that in a way is a refugee herself, although only from Kentucky. In Animal Dreams, Kingsolver looks at the people living in Nicaragua and how the US government was/is involved. While the characters and personal stories are fictionalized, the situation seems taken from real life headlines. Kingsolver also touches on environmental issues in Animal Dreams, through the people of the fictional town of Grace, Arizona's struggle against an all consuming mines attempt to poison their water and crops.    For this paper I decided to focus on Barbara Kingsolver's first two novels, The Bean Trees and Animal Dreams. The first topic that ... ...html>.   Duval, Alex. "Shafted: How Phelps Dodge Strips Miners Of Their Rights." Tucson Weekly 19 March 1998. 25 March 1998 <http://www.weeklywire.com/tw/03-19-98/Curr3.html>.   Kingsolver, Barbara. Animal Dreams. New York: HarperCollins, 1990.   ___. The Bean Trees. New York: HarperCollins, 1988.   ___. High Tide in Tucson: Essays From Now or Never.New York: HarperCollins, 1995.   Perry, Donna. Backtalk: Women Writers Speak Out. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 1993.   Schutz, Jorian Polis. "The Impact of the Sandinistas on Nicaragua." Jorian Polis Shutz, 1998. <http://www.jorian.com/san.html>.   Smiley, Jane. "In One Small Town, the Weight of the World." New York Times on the Web. 2 September 1990. 18 October 1998. <http://www.nytimes.com/books/98/10/18/specials/kingsolver-animal.html>.    Comparing the Messages of Animal Dreams and The Bean Trees Essay Political and Social Messages of Animal Dreams and The Bean Trees       Perhaps The Poisonwood Bible is Barbara Kingsolver's best work. It was while reading this book (which centers around The Congo and what the western world has done to this country) that I began to make the connection that all of Kingsolver's books contain a political and social message. She uses her stance as an author to illuminate her readers to situations and issues that she feels are important. Kingsolver's voice can be heard in Animal Dreams when the main character, Codi talks about what happened to her sister, Hallie in Nicaragua, and how unaware Americans were to what was happening in that country. "It made the news in Tucson, at least for a day. You just forgot. That's the great American disease, we forget. We watch the disasters parade by on TV, and every time we say: 'Forget it. This is someone else's problem" (Animal Dreams 316).    The Bean Trees touches on the plight of refugees, both in the real life struggle of a Guatemalan couple living illegally in the US, as well as her main character that in a way is a refugee herself, although only from Kentucky. In Animal Dreams, Kingsolver looks at the people living in Nicaragua and how the US government was/is involved. While the characters and personal stories are fictionalized, the situation seems taken from real life headlines. Kingsolver also touches on environmental issues in Animal Dreams, through the people of the fictional town of Grace, Arizona's struggle against an all consuming mines attempt to poison their water and crops.    For this paper I decided to focus on Barbara Kingsolver's first two novels, The Bean Trees and Animal Dreams. The first topic that ... ...html>.   Duval, Alex. "Shafted: How Phelps Dodge Strips Miners Of Their Rights." Tucson Weekly 19 March 1998. 25 March 1998 <http://www.weeklywire.com/tw/03-19-98/Curr3.html>.   Kingsolver, Barbara. Animal Dreams. New York: HarperCollins, 1990.   ___. The Bean Trees. New York: HarperCollins, 1988.   ___. High Tide in Tucson: Essays From Now or Never.New York: HarperCollins, 1995.   Perry, Donna. Backtalk: Women Writers Speak Out. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 1993.   Schutz, Jorian Polis. "The Impact of the Sandinistas on Nicaragua." Jorian Polis Shutz, 1998. <http://www.jorian.com/san.html>.   Smiley, Jane. "In One Small Town, the Weight of the World." New York Times on the Web. 2 September 1990. 18 October 1998. <http://www.nytimes.com/books/98/10/18/specials/kingsolver-animal.html>.   

Bullying in Primary and Secondary Schools

â€Å"Bullying. This means threatening, harassing, persecuting or insulting others. Especially those who are weaker. It is a daily terror for many children, possibly your child without knowing it. And schools, some more than others are becoming infested with bullies taking advantage of smaller or timid ones. Is your child being bullied at school? This statement made by Professor Ramesh Deosaran is taken from one of his articles (Bullying, The Silent Terror, dated October 17, 2010) which has brought the problem of bullies and bullying within the school system of Trinidad and Tobago into the public domain.Professor Deosaran is an internationally renowned scholar in criminology and social sciences; he has been recently conferred with the title Professor Emeritus at the University of the West Indies, St. Augustine Campus in Trinidad and Tobago. Today I would like to present some facts on â€Å"Bullying in Primary and Secondary Schools†. However due to time constraints, I will foc us on three major aspects in hopes that I may raise your awareness on the severity of the issue. What is bullying?It can be defined as persistent aggressive behavior by one pupil towards another, intended to cause the victim to suffer. It can range from verbal to physical and even indirect. (Chris Kyriacou, â€Å"Helping Troubled Pupils†). The incidence of it in primary and secondary schools in Trinidad and Tobago is quite difficult to estimate since a small proportion of cases are reported to teachers and administrators. These reports are often ignored or some corrective action is taken such as summoning of parents, suspension or even counseling by professionals. Why Do Some People Become Bullies?Most times, they are average students who come from households where discipline is excessive or inconsistent, where family relationships show little warmth and to act aggressively towards others, including adults is the norm. This is possibly because they are not listened to or valu ed by their family. To compensate for this lack of value at home, the bully finds it in other places such as school, in inappropriate or unhealthy ways. Others might be victims themselves, not only of being bullied but because of these personal problems in the home or even parental bereavement.Many times, a bully does not feel that they can find any other means of fitting in, so they turn to being powerful in a way that they feel brings them respect. They feel that being feared is the way to gain friends and surround themselves with people who look up to them. â€Å"Psychologists used to believe that bullies have low self-esteem and put down other people to feel better about themselves. While many bullies are themselves being bullied at home or in school, new research shows that they actually have excellent self-esteem.They usually have a sense of entitlement and superiority over others and lack compassion, impulse control and social skills. (St Clair, 2011). What Is The Impact Of Bullying On Victimized Students? According to a report done by the Global School Based Student Health Survey (GSHS) in 2007 on selected schools in Trinidad and Tobago, â€Å"victims of bullying have increased stress and a reduced ability to concentrate and are at increased risk for substance abuse, aggressive behavior and suicide attempts.† Victims develop mental health problems, become truants or school refusers, perform less well at school academically than they otherwise would have done, especially those who are subjected to frequent and prolonged bullying. They are likely to have lower levels of self-esteem and they appear to have difficulty making friends. This is because they are labeled as â€Å"different† by the bully and peer pressure stops other students from standing up for them. In addition, the high level of depression for victims stems directly from the act itself.(Roland, 2002). Sometimes victims are encouraged to believe that this something which all st udents must endure as a part of growing up. By accepting this mentality, the student’s emotional health and well-being are put at stake and the learning process undermined. The student may even develop a decrease ability to devise coping strategies. It may mean that these students may never learn to cope as adults and they cannot form long term relationships. What Is Being Done By the Authorities In Trinidad and Tobago?Thus far, the Ministry of Education has placed Human and Family Life Education (HFLE) on secondary schools’ curriculum and it is taught in most schools. â€Å"The Government of Trinidad and Tobago is looking at the preventative aspect and at early detection and treatment of the problem. † This statement made by The Minister of Education, Tim Gopeesingh, on the 14th of April, 2012. He added that there were preventative measures implemented such as â€Å"The Leader in Me† programme for preschool right up to secondary schools.Student Guidance Support Units in schools are being expanded and a hotline is being set up for children who are bullied. Furthermore, the Chief Education Officer has sent a curricular to all schools asking principals to allow students to have one class per week (Form Teacher Period) in which they can tell of the difficulties they are experiencing. Challenges and Evaluation of Sources In gathering the information required for my research, I had encountered certain challenges along the way. I had an over-abundance of information.It was extremely time consuming to summarize and pick out the most valid and relevant points. However trusted sites were used such as ttparliament. org, bullyonline. org, stopbullying. gov and youthoria. org. These sites were reliable as they were maintained by their organizations consistently and the articles were up to date. A book entitled â€Å"Helping Troubled Pupils† by Chris Kyriacou was very useful as it contained an entire chapter on the topic of bullying from which I was able to extract several valid points.I considered the book a valid source since it was written by a psychologist specifically to help teachers and parents. Conclusion Recent increases in the incidence of bullying among youths in Trinidad and Tobago have led to growing concern about this serious issue. The Government is currently tackling the issue by implementation of preventative measures and by education of students and the public. Although bullying in primary and secondary in schools may never be eradicated,

How to Get Into Business School

Not everyone gets accepted into their business school of choice. This is especially true of individuals who apply to top business schools. A top business school, sometimes known as a first tier business school, is a school that is highly ranked among other business schools by multiple organizations. On average, fewer than 12 out of every 100 people who apply to a top business school will receive an acceptance letter. The higher ranked a school is, the more selective they tend to be. For example, Harvard Business School, one of the best-ranked schools in the world, rejects thousands of MBA applicants each year. These facts are not meant to discourage you from applying to business school - you cant be  accepted if you dont apply - but they are meant to help you understand that getting into business school is a challenge. You will have to work hard at it and take the  time to prepare your MBA application and improve your candidacy if you want to increase your chances of getting accepted to your school of choice.    In this article, were going to explore two things that you should be doing right now to prepare for the MBA application process as well as common mistakes that you should avoid in order to increase your chances of success. Find a Business School That Fits You There are many components that go into a business school application, but one of the most important things to focus on right from the start is targeting the right schools. Fit is essential if you want to get accepted into an MBA program. You can have outstanding test scores, glowing recommendation letters, and fantastic essays, but if you arent a good fit for the school you are applying to, you will most likely get turned away in favor of a candidate who is a good fit. Many MBA candidates start their search for the right school by looking at  business school rankings. Although rankings are important - they give you a great picture of the schools reputation - they are not the only thing that matters. To find a school that is a fit for your academic ability and career goals, you need to look beyond rankings and into the schools culture, people, and location. Culture: Business school culture is an important factor because it dictates the environment. Some schools have a close-knit, collaborative culture; others have a more competitive culture that encourages self-sufficiency. You need to ask yourself what kind of student you are and what type of environment you are most likely to thrive in.People: You will be spending a lot of time with the people in your incoming class. Would you prefer a large class or small intimate classes? And what about the professors? Do you want to be taught by people who value research or do you want professors who focus on application?Location: Cost of living, weather, proximity to family, networking opportunities, and internship availability are all affected by the location of your business school. A big city will likely come with more opportunities, but it may also be more expensive to study in this type of environment. A small college town or a rural setting could be more affordable, but may provide fewer opp ortunities for networking and culture. Find Out What the School Is Looking For Every business school will tell you that they work hard to build a diverse class and that they dont have a typical student. While that may be true on some level, every business school has an archetypical student. This student is almost always professional, business-minded, passionate, and willing to work hard to achieve their goals. Beyond that, every school is different, so you need to understand what the school is looking for to ensure that 1.) the school is a good fit for you 2.) you can deliver an application that fits their needs. You can get to know the school by visiting the campus, speaking to current students, reaching out to the alumni network, attending MBA fairs, and conducting good old-fashioned research. Seek out interviews that have been conducted with the schools admission officers, peruse the schools blog and other publications, and read everything you can about the school. Eventually, a picture will begin to form that shows you what the school is looking for. For example, the school may be looking for students who have leadership potential, strong technical abilities, the desire to collaborate, and an interest in social responsibility and global business. When you find that the school is looking for something you have, you need to let that piece of you shine in your  resume, essays, and recommendations. Avoid Common Mistakes Nobody is perfect. Mistakes happen. But you don’t want to make a silly mistake that makes you look bad to an admissions committee. There are a few common mistakes that applicants make time and time again. You might scoff at some of these and think that you would never be careless enough to make  that mistake, but keep in mind that the applicants who made these mistakes probably thought the same thing at one time. Recycling essays. If you are applying to multiple schools (and you should), it is important to write an original essay for each application. Dont recycle your MBA application essays. Admissions committees can spot this trick from a mile away. And if you do disregard this advice and decide to recycle the essay, remember to change the name of the school in the essay. Believe it or not, applicants make this mistake every year! If you submit an essay to Columbia explaining why you want to go to Harvard, the admissions committee will peg you as someone who doesn’t pay attention to detail - and theyll be right to do so.Not Sharing. Admissions committees look through a lot of essays every year. This can be extremely boring - especially when the essays are generic. The point of the essay is to help admissions committees get to know you, so let your personality shine. Demonstrate who you are. It will help your application.Skipping Optional Opportunities. Some business schools have opti onal essays or optional interviews. Dont make the mistake of skipping these optional opportunities. Show the school that you want to get in. Do the essay. Do the interview. And take advantage of every other opportunity that comes your way.Not Retaking the GMAT. GMAT scores are important to your application. If your scores arent falling in the range for the previous years entering class, you should retake the GMAT to get a better score. The Graduate Management Admission Council reports that approximately one-third of the people who take the GMAT take it at least twice, if not more. Most of these people increase their score the second time around. Be one of those people.